A rare, progressive disease in which the main arteries supplying the brain with blood (the internal carotid arteries and intracranial branches) narrow and collateral vessels called “moyamoya vessels” develop. Patients are at increased risk for stroke. Currently, the main form of treatment is surgical revascularization which cannot pause or reverse the narrowing, but can help to improve blood flow to the brain by directing it thorough a different route. The name “moyamoya” comes from the Japanese term for “something hazy like a puff of smoke” given the hazy appearance of the arteries when it was first observed on cerebral angiography.
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